Kathmandu Valley

Kathmandu Valley (1350 m) has covered 899 sq km of the land of Kathmandu (395 Sq Km), Lalitpur (385 sq Km) and Bhaktapur (119 Sq Km) districts updated last time in province no 3, Bagmati Province of Nepal. The bowl-shaped Kathmandu Valley (25 km diameter) embedded fertile land, valley floor (Tar and Dol), mountain wall, holy rivers Bagmati, Bishnumati, Dhobi-Khola executing centripetal drainage system into Chobhar Gorge. Phulchowki (2765 m) is the highest hill to the southeast. The valley is the home of seven cultural UNESCO world heritage sites, Pashupatinath, Changunarayan Temple, Boudhanath, Swayambhunath Stupa, Kathmandu, Patan and Bhaktapur.

Kathmandu Valley (believed to be 3200 years old civilization centre) was a lake of Serpent where Bipasha Buddha had thrown Lotus seed, which bloomed with dazzling light in six months. Bodhisattva Manjushree from China visited the valley spiritually to pray for mysterious self-existent light. Manjushree cut southern Chobhar Gorge wishing for an inhabitable land. The other history of the valley mentions that 200000 years ago was an immense lake, which drained out 31 thousand years ago to a tectonic reason. The wooden pavilion, Kasthamandap (7th-8th century), is derived from the valley name in Kathmandu Durbar Square. People of western Nepal visit the valley of numerous wooden temples. Later, these people summarised the pilgrimage valley tour on Kathmandu, Kath (wood) and Mandu (temple). 

The Census of 2021 recorded 3025386 populations in Kathmandu (2041587), Bhaktapur (432132) and Lalitpur (551667) districts. It found 7,39,737 households in Kathmandu (544867), Bhaktapur (108503), and Lalitpur (140367). The total houses are 514542 (all three districts) residential, government, business, hotel and lodges, educational, health, banking, financial, industrial, shed, store and others. The valley has recorded six types of forest, 550 types of birds, 200 old monuments with renowned exquisite cultural and historical palaces, crossroads, temples, hippie streets, stupas, monasteries, lakes and caves. 

Major surrounding outstanding hill stations for the valley and Himalayas views observe from the Shivapuri (2732 m), Phul Chowki (2765 m), Champa Devi (2250 m), Nagarjun (2097 m), Kakani (1982 m), Nagarkot (2175 m), Pokhari Thumko (2005 m), and Bhaleswor Danda (2561 m). The Himalayas views glimpse of Annapurna, Himalchuli, Manaslu, Ganesh Himal, Langtang, Shisha Pangma, Dorje Lakpa, Gauri Shankar, Cho Oyu, Everest, and Numbur on a clear day. Sub-tropical monsoon, warm-temperate monsoon, and cool-temperate monsoon climate zones valley remain annual temperatures of 0° to -3° Celsius in winter and 28° to 36° Celsius in summer. The average rainfall from June to September is record 1400 millimetres. 

The close national park of the valley, Shivapuri Nagarjun National Park located 10 km away to the north. The indigenous Newar follows Hindu and Buddhist religion, traditions, customs, art, literature and festivals. The valleys found different professions, army, police, teacher, farmer, carpenter, mason, labours, plumbers, tourism entrepreneurs, lawyers, engineers, doctors, contractors, drivers, shopkeepers, and government employees. Several gateways of the valley are Nagdhunga (west), Ranipauwa (northwest), Sanga Bhanjyang (east), Dakshinkali (south), Sundarijal (northeast), and Tribhuvan International Airport Kathmandu (centre). 

Kathmandu Valley has established 150 local administrative units, including 11 municipalities of the Kathmandu district (Kathmandu, Dakshinkali, Chandragiri, Gokarneshwar, Kirtipur, Budhanilkantha, Kageshwari-Manohara, Nagarjun, Shankarapur, Tokha, Tarakeshwar), six municipalities of Lalitpur district (Lalitpur, Mahalaxmi, Godawari, Konjyoson, Bagmati, Mahankal) and four municipalities of Bhaktapur district (Bhaktapur, Changunarayan, Madhyapur Thimi, Suryabinayak). 

Kathmandu Valley has registered 1.1 million vehicles (900000 motorbikes, 145000 cars, 6500 tempo and microbus, 48500 buses and trucks, 13600 power tillers and dozers), 134 petrol pumps, 108 brick and tile factories, various shopping centres, restaurants, casinos, massage centre, discotheque, bar, school (private, government) college, resort, five-star hotels, university, industrial area, and hospital (including cancer, heart). The total length of roads reports 1500 km. The valley counted at least 100000 streets with pet dogs. Every day Kathmandu Valley produces 1000 metric tons of garbage, which dump 27 km away at the Sisdole landfill site of Nuwakot district. 

Kathmandu Valley constructed the first motor road (1924 AD), Pharping Hydropower Station (22 May 1911), a telephone exchange (1960), Radio Nepal (2 April 1951) and FM Radio (April 1996). The valley even brought the first computer (IBM 1401 from IBM company) in 1971 for rent (Rs 125000 per month) for the population count. The first Cable Car (2.5 km distance) on Chandragiri Hill (2540 m) was established (15 December 2016).

The Eastern Border of Tibet China in Kodari is 113 km away, and the Northern Rasuwagadhi of Tibet is 122 km from the Kathmandu valley. The civilization valley of Kathmandu is one of the outstanding locations in the world in terms of climate, altitude, tourism, finance, city, cultural and historical monuments, nature, art and agriculture. The present moment of the poor management of the Metropolis, the moral lack of some people and the infrastructures assembled in the valley worse day by day required to revive the clean green and peaceful place honouring the ancestors, ancient deities and blessed nature.